THE:Aptos vs. Sui：The Move is coming

KeyInsights

●AptosandSuiareinthespotlightbecausetheyarebuiltonMove,aprogramminglanguageinspiredbyRustandtheircoreteamisfromMeta–Diem.●TheAptostestnetcanreachupto160,000TPSandisbasedontheBlock-STMparallelexecutionengineandthecriticalrotation.●Sui’stestnetworkTPScanreachabout120,000becauseitusesObjectsasabasicunitoptimizingitsthroughput.Also,Sui'sGaspricingandtransactionstoragemechanismcanbringabetterexperiencetousersanddevelopers.●AptosisfaraheadofSuiintermsofitsecosystemdevelopmentanddevelopmentprogress.●AptosandSuistillneedtogetmoreinfluentialpartnerstohelpthemsurviveinthecurrentmarket.

1.Introduction

Theyear2022seesabearmarketwiththemajorityofcryptocurrenciesplummetingduetoabunchofmacroeconomicfactorssuchasinflationandrisingunemploymentetc.However,insuchasluggishmarket,AptosandSuisuddenlymadethemthecenterofattentioninthecryptospace.Inthepasttwoyears,Solana,Avalanche,andotherEthereumkillersappearedinthemarketoneafteranotherandbroughtsignificantmarketinfluence,butnoonecantakeEthereum’splace.AsEthereumcontinuouslyupgradesitselfwiththerecentcompletionoftheMerge,otherchainsseemtohavenothingnewtoboastabout.EvenafterDfinitylauncheditstokenICP,awidespreadopinionisthattheblockchainwouldnolongergetanylovefromthemarket.However,AptosandSui,whomtopVCssprintedtowards,havebrokenthisnarrativewiththeMovelanguageadoptedandtheteamhailingfromDiem.1.1.TheMoveprogramminglanguage

Let'slookatMovefirst.ThemoveisaRust-basedprogramminglanguageforsmartcontractsandcustomtransactions,whichachievesextremelyhighthroughputandlowlatencythroughbatch,pipelined,andparalleltransactionprocessing.OverallthestrengthsoftheMovelanguagearesecurityandcomposability.1.1.1.DefinitionofAsset

Movedefinestokensasresources,unlikeotherprogramminglanguages,suchasSolidity,whichgenerallyseestokensasNumericvariables.Thedifferencebetweenthetwoisthatwhenatransactionoccursintheaccount,theMovelanguagebelievesthatthetokenmusttransfertoonecertainaddressoranother,orelseitwouldbeburned.Tokenasanassetcannotbecopiedordoublespent.LanguagessuchasSolidityconsiderassetstobedigital,sofromthemomentofthetransactiontotheend,thebalanceofthesentandreceivedaddressdecreasesorincreases.Move'sdefinitionofResourceavoidstheproblemofassetsbeinggeneratedoutofnowherebycodelogicandalgorithmerrorsfromtheverybeginning.1.1.2.Staticdispatch

Aptos推出Move V1.3，簡化跨不同資產的資源管理和降低Gas成本:5月23日消息，Aptos宣布發布Move V1.3，針對Move Objects，該框架簡化了跨不同資產的資源管理，開發人員現在可以使用獨立于帳戶的全局存儲來訪問和管理異構資產。Aptos表示，這大大簡化了開發復雜性，并在可組合性、所有權管理、每個帳戶多個資源、事件跟蹤、安全權限和持久存儲方面解鎖了新的可能性。此外，Aptos稱，Gas方面Aptos上90%的交易的Gas減少了10倍以上，執行Gas使用量降低了100倍。多簽賬戶（Multisig Account）v2方面，新的多重簽名賬戶提供比原多重簽名賬戶設計更透明的功能。Multi-ed25519身份驗證密鑰可改善密鑰托管和資產安全性，顯著改善資金管理和智能合約管理。[2023/5/23 15:21:03]

Asinglesmartcontractcannotimplementallfunctionsforsomelargeprojects,sodynamicdispatchhasbecomethemaincallingmethodofSolidity.Thedynamicdispatchstoresthecodeinthelibraryaccordingtotheclassificationandusestheinterfacecallwhenthecontractneedsit,butthishasalsobecomeabreakthroughinthesecurityofthesmartcontract.Dynamicdispatchimprovesflexibility,butflexibilitymeansmorebugs.Incontrast,Moveusesstaticdispatch,whichischaracterizedbythefactthatallcontractshavealreadydeterminedtheirexecutionpathsandverifiedthemduringthecompilationphase,whichmeansthatdeveloperscanidentifyerrorsandexecutesmartcontractsbeforegoingonlineandreducetheprobabilityofdowntimeatruntime.1.1.3.Combinabilityofmodules

Themoveisbasedonthecombinationofmodulesandtheninteractswitheachotherthroughresourcepassing,whileSoliditymainlyreliesonthecombinationthroughmessagepassingunderremotecalls.Thedifferencebetweenthetwoisthatwhenoptimizationorextensionisneeded,inMove,onlythemoduleneedstobeoptimizedandthenthesmartcontractsusingthemodulewillbeautomaticallyupdated,whileinSolidityifthepreviouscontractisoptimized,itcannotbedirectlyupgradedanditerated.

1.2.TheriseandfallofDiem

In2019Facebook(nowMeta)startedLibra,ablockchain-basedpaymentsystemforlicensedstablecoins.However,itwaslaterforcedtorenameDiem,butitstortuousfatedidnotchangeatallwithitsnamechange.RegulatorsfromUSandEUforceittosuspendonthegroundsofinvasionofantitrustlawsandprivacy.Asaresult,severalqualifiedtechnicalstaffbegantoleavetheproject,includingMoShaikhandEvanCheng,wholatersetuptheirteamsandlaunchedAptosandSuiseparatelybasedonDiem.

2.AptosvsSui

2.1.TeamMostoftheAptosandSuicoremembersarefromNoviandDiemofMeta.BlockchainveteransworkingtogethermakeiteasyforAptosandSuitorisesoquickly.

2.2.Investors

AptosandSuiarebackedbyanall-starcast,andthefundraisingforthefirsttworoundshasreachedaverylargescale,at$350millionand$236millionrespectivelywithAptosslightlyahead.Aptos

APT突破歷史新高，短線漲至11.78 USDT:金色財經報道，行情顯示，APT持續上行突破11 USDT，最高漲至11.78 USDT，突破歷史新高，24小時漲幅逾35%。行情波動較大，請做好風險控制。[2023/1/21 11:24:28]

AsofSeptember2022,Aptoscompletedtwofundraisingroundsata$2.75Bvaluation.BinanceLabsandDragonflyannouncedstrategicinvestmentsinAptosonMarch28andSeptember29,respectively,butthespecificcooperationandinvestmentamounthavenotbeendisclosed.SeedRoundDate：2022.3.15TotalAmountRaised：$200MInvestors:Leadbya16z,otherinvestorsinclude:MulticoinCapital,KatieHaun,3ArrowsCapital,ParaFiCapital,IRONGREY,Hashed,Variant,TigerGlobal,BlockTower,FTXVentures,Paxos,CoinbaseVentures,etc.ARoundDate：2022.7.26TotalAmountRaised：$150MInvestors:LeadbyFTXVenturesandJumpCrypto,otherinvestorsinclude:GriffinGamingPartners,FranklinTempleton,CircleVentures,Superscrypto,etc.Sui

SinceDecember2021,MystenLabs,thedevelopingteamSuihasraisedtworoundsoffundingatavaluationof$2billion,andSuicurrentlyexpectstoraise$236million.ARoundDate：2021.12TotalAmountRaised：$36MInvestors:a16zandNFX,CoinbaseVentures,Lightspeed,SamsungNEXT,ScribbleVentures,Redpoint,ElectricCapital,SlowVentures,StandardCrypto,etc.BRoundDate：2022.7TotalAmountRaised：$200MInvestors:LeadbyFTXVentures,otherinvestorsinclude:a16z,JumpCrypto,Apollo,BinanceLabs,FranklinTempleton,CoinbaseVentures,CircleVentures,LightspeedVenturePartners,SinoGlobal,DentsuVentures,NGCVentures,A&TCapital,GreenoaksCapital,O'LearyVentures,etc.2.3.TechniquesandMechanism

AptosandSuiarebothbasedontheMoveprogramminglanguageandfocusonhigh-performanceparallelcomputingblockchain,whichclaimstobeabletoreachover100,000TPS.2.3.1ParallelExecution

BothAptosandSuiadoptparallelexecution.ThedifferencebetweenthisandEthereum'sEVMisthatitidentifiesindependenttransactionsandexecutesthematthesametime,whileotherinterdependenttransactionswillbepickedoutandexecutedinsequence.ThemechanismofEVMiseachtransactionisexecutedindividuallyinorder,andwhentheEVMexecutesthetransaction,alltherestwillbesuspendeduntilonetransactionexecutioniscompleted.TheproblemwiththeEVMmechanismisthatitgreatlyprolongsthetransactionexecutiontime,andusersareforcedtoincreasethegasfeetoexecutethetransactionearlierthanothers.Incontrast,parallelexecutioncanusehardwaremoreefficientlytoreducetransactionconfirmationtimeandachievebetterscalability.Thedifficultyfacedbyparallelexecutiontechnologyishowtoquicklyidentifyindependenttransactionsanddependenttransactions.Whenexecutinginparallel,itisnecessarytojudgewhetheratransactionwillaffectanothertransaction.Ifitaffects,itisdefinedasbeingdependent,anddependenttransactionsmustbeexecutedinorder.Forexample,AMMtransactionsinthesamepoolaredefinedasdependent,becausemultipledifferenttokensandaccountsareinvolvedintheirtransactions.Thewaytoidentifyindependenttransactionsiswhenanaccountorsmartcontractmodifiesitsmemorylocationswhenatransactionoccurs,andinterdependenttransactionsarethosethatattempttochangethesamememorylocationsinthesameblock.AptosAptosdevelopedBlock-STMtoidentifythedependenciesoftransactions,whichisthemainfactorforAptos'maximumTPStoreach160,000.Block-STMchoosesnottoletusersanddevelopersknowinadvancewhichpartofthememorytheyarelocatingbutinsteadusesOptimisticConcurrencyControl(assumingalltransactionsareindependent)tovalidatewhenBlock-STMexecutestransactions,andthestoragelocationmodifiedinthetransactionwillbemarked.Inthevalidatingphase,ifitisfoundthatthemarkedstoragelocationisaccessedbyothertransactions,itmeansthatthetransactioninthisstoragelocationisnotindependent,andthesystemwilltakeitoutandre-executeitinsequence.AccordingtotheofficialtestdataofAptos,whenthetransactionsarefewer,theexecutionspeedofBlock-STMis16timesfasterthanthatofsequentialexecutionusing32threads,andwhenmoretransactionsexecuteatthesametime,thespeedofBlock-STMisalso8times.DataSource：https://medium.com/aptoslabs/block-stm-how-we-execute-over-160k-transactions-per-second-on-the-aptos-blockchain-3b003657e4baSuiSuihasoptedforadifferentapproachthanAptoswhenitcomestotransactionprocessing.InSui'smechanism,anObjectisusedasthebasicunitinsteadofanAccount,andeachobjecthasauniqueIDasidentification.Objectsareclassifiedintothreetypesofassets,namelyimmutableassets(smartcontracts),singleassets(whichcanonlybemodifiedbytheirspecificowner),andsharedassets(whichcanbemodifiedbymultipleowners).Asingleassetcanonlybemodifiedbyitsspecificowner,whileasharedassetcanbemodifiedbymultipleowners.Thissettingreducesthedifficultyofidentifyingindependenttransactionsordependenciesbecauseassettypescanbequicklyidentifiedandconfirmedwhentheyareindependentlytraded.2.3.2.OtherMechanism

原Solana生態流支付協議Streamflow在Aptos主網上線:12月29日消息，原Solana生態流支付協議Streamflow宣布在Aptos主網正式上線。Streamflow表示，對Aptos的跨鏈擴展允許Streamflow向Aptos鏈上用戶和項目提供代幣歸屬服務和工資單。[2022/12/29 22:14:46]

AptosHybridCustodyOptionandTradePre-ExecutionMechanismSecurityissuessuchaswallettheftandwronglysigningmalicioustransactionshavealwaysbeenthenightmareofmanyusers.Therefore,Aptoshaslaunchedtwofunctions,keymanagementandsigningtransactionprecautionarymeasures,toprotectthepropertysafetyofitsusers.AccordingtotheAptoswhitepaper,Aptosaccountssupportkeyrotationandnewhybridmodelsofcustody,souserscandelegatetheabilitytorotatetheaccount’sprivatekeytooneormorecustodiansandothertrustedentities.ThentheusercandesignastrategythroughMove,thepurposeofthisstrategyistoallowthecustodiantorotatethekeyundercertaincircumstances.Thebenefitofthisisthatwhenauserloseshiskey,thecustodiancanrestoretheserviceforhiskeytoavoidlossofassets.Inaddition,thetransactionpre-executionandtransactionrestrictionservicesarealsousedbyAptostoprotectthesecurityofuserassets.Whenuserssignatransaction,Aptoswillprovidethemwithtransactionresultsandcompareknownattacksandmalicioussmartcontractsinthepast,therebyreducingtheprobabilityofusersbeingdeceived.Anduserscanalsosetlimitsontransactionssothatwhenmalicioustransactionsviolatetheserules,thetransactionwillbeterminated.SuiGaspriceandTransactionstoragemechanismThehighlightofSui'seconomicmodelisthepricingmechanismofGasandthestoragefund.ThepricingmechanismgivesusersabetterexperiencebecausetheydonotneedtopredictthecostofGas,andthevalidatorscanproposetheiridealpriceofGasforvoting,andeveniftheidealpriceisnotreached,theincentiverewardscanstillbringthemobjectiverevenue,thusreducingunhealthycompetition.andpreventdenialofservice(DoS)attacks.Thebenefitsofthestoragefundarethreefold.First,itsolvestheproblemofstoragecostsforvalidators.Second,aself-regulatingmechanismisdevelopedforSui'son-chainstorage,andvalidatorsconsciouslydeleteuselessdata.Third,itincreasesthedemandfortheuseofSuitokens,thusreducingitsinflation.1)Gaspricingmechanism,wherevalidatorsdetermineareferenceGaspricebyvoting,whichisusedasareferencepricewhenthevalidatorprocessesusertransactions.WhenavalidatorcompletesavalidationrequesttoobtainaGascostaroundthereferencepriceitwillreceivearewardfromSui,exceedingthepriceandnon-responsivevalidatorswillreducetherewardtheyreceive,andconversely,validatorsbelowthereferencepricewillreceiveanadditionalreward.2)Transactionstorage,whichisdesignedtosolvetheproblemoffutureuserspayingforthestorageofearlyadopters.SinceSuicanhandleanyamountofdataonthechainwhensubsequentusersusethesamedatastoredbypastusers,subsequentusersmayhavetopaydisproportionatelyhighstoragefeesforthem,andthisnegativenetworkexternalitywillputalotofpressureonSuiinthelongrun.Thestoragefeesaredepositedinthefundfordistributiontofuturevalidators.Inaddition,a"deletionoption"mechanismisdesignedsothattheverifieronlyneedstodeletethedatastoredinthechaintogetarebateonthestoragefee.2.4.Tokenomics

跨鏈互操作性協議Multichain已集成至Aptos主網:據官方公告，跨鏈互操作性協議Multichain已集成至Aptos主網，支持USDT、USDC、WBTC、ETH和DAI五種資產從Multichain已支持的15種區塊鏈網絡跨鏈至Aptos。[2022/11/4 12:17:36]

JustonedaybeforeAptosannounceditsofficialtokenomics,thedetailsofwhicharestillwaitingfortheofficialupdate.ItisworthnotingthatthecurrenttokenomicsofSuidoesnothaveaburningmechanism,whichmightharmthetokenvalueretention.However,Sui'sstoragefundmechanismhasreducedtheinflationofSuitokenstoacertainextent.DataSource：1.https://medium.com/mysten-labs/recap-sui-ama-tokenomics-ca00967b937d2.https://aptosfoundation.org/currents/aptos-tokenomics-overview2.5.ProductProgress

Fromtheperspectiveofdevelopmentprogress,AptoswithitsthirdnetworknestsurpassesSuiatthispoint.2.6.PotentialRisks

OnMay20,2022,awell-knownAmericanentrepreneurandinvestorShariGlazersuedMohammedShaikh,founderofAptosLabs,allegingthatShaikhcheatedheroutof50%ownershipofthepartnership.Thecasehasnotyetprogressed,andifitdoes,itwillhaveasignificantimpactonMohammedShaikh,butitdoesnotinvolveAptosatthistimeandthereforewillnothaveanysignificantimpactonit.Incontrast,Suihasnothadanynegativenewsonthelegalfront,soitispotentiallylessriskythanAptos.2.7.Token

APT(Aptostoken)waslistedonOctober19,2022.AccordingtoCoingecko,APTiscurrentlypricedat$7.38witha24-hourtradingvolumeof$1,007,472,882whilethisarticleisbeingedited.TheexchangesAPThadlistedincludeGate.io,Binance,FTX,Coinbase,OKX,Kucoin,Huobi,Bybit,MEXC,etc.Drivenbymarketenthusiasm,thetradingvolumehasbeenataveryhighlevel.Incontrast,Suiisfarbehind,withnoofficialannouncementofanytokensgoingonthelistatthismoment.3.EcosystemDevelopment

3.1.ThenumberofprojectsdeployedonAptosvsSui

AccordingtotheofficialplanreleasedbyAptosonJune29,statisticsshowthattherearecurrentlyover100projectsbeingbuiltinitsecosystem,comparedtoSui'scurrentslowdevelopmentprogress,withthenumberofknownprojectsintheecosystemcurrentlyataround20.Intermsofecosystemlayout,Aptosmainlyfocusesoninfrastructure,andmostoftheDappsintheecosystemcurrentlyareDefi,DEX,anddigitalwallet,whileSuihasnotfoundanobviouslayoutyet.ApointworthnotingisthatthemainstreamapplicationsintheblockchainmarketarecurrentlydevelopedbasedontheSoliditylanguage,whichisnotcompatiblewiththeMovelanguageusedbyAptosandSui.Thismeansthatiftheprojectwantstobuildintheecosystemofboth,developersneedtorecode,whichmayreducetheefficiencyofbuildingapplicationsinbothecosystems.3.2.ProjectDevelopmentProgressonAptosvsSui

Aptos核心開發人員：代幣經濟學概述即將發布:10月18日消息，Aptos核心開發人員在官方Discord中表示，Aptos代幣經濟學概述即將發布，很快將公布具體信息。[2022/10/18 17:30:42]

Atpresent,thereareasmanyas11projectsintheAptosecosysteminthetestnetworkstage,whileSuicurrentlyhasonly5.Inaddition,therearemoreprojectsintheAptosecosystemwithgreenlightbytopVCs,includingPontemNetwork,whichisrepresentedbystarbackerssupportingandateamwithatechnicalbackground.PontemWalletandLiquidswaphavealreadyenteredthetestnetworkstage.

4.BlockchainTrilemma

TheemergenceofAptosandSuihasbroughtsomeinnovationstosolvetheimpossibletriangleproblemofblockchain.ScalabilityBothofthemhavemadesignificanttechnicalinnovationstoimprovescalability,whichisoneoftheirbiggestadvantagesoverotherblockchains.Aptos'Block-STMandAptosBFThavegreatlycontributedtoitstestnetworkTPSof160,000,whileSui'suniqueassetdefinitionandconsensusmechanismhaveenableditstestnetworkTPSof125,000.SecurityTheuniquenatureoftheMovelanguageprovidesbettersecurityforAptosandSui.Inaddition,Aptos'HybridCustodyOptionandTradePre-ExecutionMechanismprovidessecurityforusers'accounts,comparedtoSui,whichhasnotmadeanymajorsecurityfeatureinnovationsexceptfortheMovelanguage.DecentralizationSui'sGaspricingmechanismimprovestherightsofverifierstoacertainextent,butingeneralSuiandAptosdonotofferanyinnovativesolutionstothedecentralizationproblem.5.Summary

Fromtheabove,ThemainadvantageofAptosisthatitsecologicaldevelopmentismuchmoreadvancedthanSui's,butthisisnotenoughtopredictthefuturedevelopmentofboth.ThesimilaritiesbetweenthetwoarethattheybothhaveoriginalDiemdevelopmentteams,bothusetheMovelanguageandhavemadeinnovationsintechnologyandeconomicmechanisms,andbothhavetier-oneinvestorsonboard.Itisdifficulttopredictwhowillperformbetterinpractice,butitiscertainthatthebirthofAptosandSuihasreignitedtheenthusiasmfornewblockchainsinthecommunityandcontributedtotheinnovationoftheblockchain.Noteworthy,ThemaincompetitorofAptosandSuiisSolana,althoughitwasrecentlyaffectedbytheFTXincident,whichcauseditstokenpriceandTVLtodecrease.However,Solanaisstillthebestexampleofatechnicalsingle-chain.TheamountofcustomersitbringstoitsecosystemthroughcooperationwithcapitalandexchangesandthusSolana'stechnicaladvantageshavelongoccupiedthetop5positionsinTVLofblockchain,sobuildingahealthyandhigh-qualityecosystemisalsoanessentialstepforthesuccessfuldevelopmentofblockchain.AptoshaspreviouslyannouncedastrategicpartnershipwithBinance,butBinancealreadyhasaBNBchain,soitisnotsureifAptoscangetmanyusersthroughBinance.Suihasnotannouncedanypartnershipwithexchange,sothereisstillagapbetweenAptosandSuiintermsofecologicaldevelopmentpotentialcomparedtotheircompetitorSolana.Disclaimer

*Thisarticlerepresentsonlytheviewsoftheobserversanddoesnotconstituteanyinvestmentsuggestions.*Gate.ioreservesallrightstothisarticle.RepostingofthearticlewillbepermittedprovidedGate.ioisreferenced.Inallothercases,legalactionwillbetakenduetocopyrightinfringement.Reference

.https://move-book.com/resources/what-is-resource.html.https://blog.pontem.network/aptos-vs-sui-a-detailed-comparison-120b2873ca58.https://aptos.dev/aptos-white-paper/aptos-white-paper-index.https://github.com/MystenLabs/sui/blob/main/doc/paper/sui.pdf.https://foresightnews.pro/article/detail/14875.https://salemal.medium.com/a-review-of-narwhal-and-tusk-a-dag-based-mempool-and-efficient-bft-consensus-bf2099908c63.https://cryptotvplus.com/2022/08/a-comparison-of-aptos-and-sui/.https://www.tuoluo.cn/article/detail-10101335.html.https://www.theblockbeats.info/news/31436.https://mirror.xyz/0xbuidlerdao.eth/MePeSGYe63OX8xXb8IwIrXzGk_S606NG7SR879XMXRE.https://www.coinonpro.com/news/toutiao/237117.html.https://secbit.io/blog/en/2019/07/10/move-programming-language-the-highlight-of-libra/.https://www.coinonvip.com/2022091011563236763.html.https://www.coingecko.com/en/coins/aptosGatewaytoCryptoTradeover1,400cryptocurrenciessafely,quicklyandeasilyonGate.ioSignuptoenterthecryptogatewayandget40%commissionfromreferralsDownloadiOS/AndroidApprightnow.FollowusonsocialTwitter:https://twitter.com/gate_ioTelegram:https://t.me/gate_ioInstagram：https://www.instagram.com/gateioglobalMedium：https://medium.com/@gateioPodcast:https://gateio.buzzsprout.com/?ch=buzzsGate.ioTeamNov22nd,2022

Tags：THEIONANDENTMagic Ethereum Moneyaion幣下架后幣還在嗎sand幣最新價格Decentify

加密貨幣